Sexology and sexual pathology
lexicon
A
Age-related lessening of sexuality a decrease in sexual manifestations in view of changes in age characteristics. Concomitant chronic diseases may intensify the processes of such a lessening.
Akinospermia - a full immobility of living spermatozoids in sperm and their fertilizing incapacity.
Alibidimia - an absence of sexual appetite. Mental disorders, endocrine derangements, drug (opiate etc.) intoxications, as well as urological and gynecological diseases, account for Alibidimia.
Androphobia - hatred against males, a fear of males. A. is caused by some sorts of psychological traumas.
Anejaculation syndrom - is a kind of ejaculation derangement, the worst appearance of delayed ejaculation, or its total absence. The most probable causes of A. s. are urological diseases, suppressions of sexual functions by psychic factors and intoxications. The absence of ejaculation engenders congestive processes in pelvis minor with a consequent development or aggravation of urological and gynecological diseases.
Anorgasmia - difficulties in achieving an orgasm, a frequently occurring state had by females. Two types of Anorgasmia are told apart - primary Anorgasmia (suffered by women who have never reached an orgasm) and secondary A. (when women, who had orgasms once, do not have them any more, on this account or another). The commonest of secondary anorgasmias are symptomatic Anorgasmia (a side effect of some principal disease) and psychogenic anorgasmia (a suppression of sexual functions by psychic factors). Anorgasmias may engender congestive processes in pelvis minor, urogynecological pathologies, psychological problems, sexual partnership problems and so forth.
Aspermia - an absence of spermatozoids in the sperm. Aspermia causes male sterility.
Asthenozoospermia - a diminution (more than 30%) of mobile forms, as well as the rate of their movement, in the sperm. Astenozoospermia is a cause of male sterility.
Azoospermia - lack of spermatozoids in the ejaculate. Azoospermia is a cause of male sterility.
B
Bisexuality - sexual attraction towards both sexes, due to various causes and reasons. For most people B. is an experiment, adding piquancy to their sexual life, without making changes in the basics of their behavior; for some it is a deliberate choice, so as to let them participate unrestrictedly in sexual activities of any kind.
D
Desactualization syndrome - reveals itself in pushing sexual-erotic motivation of behavior aback, on account of various diseases or pathologic states (dermatoses, emphysemas, blindness, amputations and others).
Disgamia - is a disharmony between husband and wife in attitudes to one or more key marital factors, when the disjunctive forces prevail over the uniting forces. One has to discern sexual d. from personal d. that has its roots in the personality of one of the partners. Disgamia is the most common ground of divorces.
Å
Ejaculation - is an excretion of sperm through urethra in the course of copulation or in surrogate forms of sexual activity (masturbation, petting, pollution). Ejaculation and associate orgasm are normally produced by a drastic growth of sexual excitement as a result of friction stimulations. Ejaculation abnormality is a most typical male derangement. A deranged ejaculation may be early (before a coitus), premature, accelerated (when coitus lasts less than one minute) or obstructed, when copulation has a protracted character and in some cases ejaculation doesn't come altogether. The causes of ejaculation derangements are as follows: irregularity of copulations, uneasiness and fears felt in the process of copulation, evoked by external factors, among them a bad premonition of leaving a woman dissatisfied sexually, inflammations in the prostate gland and the back side of the urethra, as well as their consequences, and neuroses. The cases of ejaculation derangements need a timely diagnosis, a treatment by an urologist/andrologist and a special therapy given by a sexologist.
Erection - is an enlargement, threefold approximately, compared to the nonerected state, of the penile volume, with parallel acquisition of mechanical firmness, necessary for the penetration of penis into vagina in the course of coitus. Erections are divided into spontaneous and adequate. An E. in case of sexual intercourse or as a result of a sexual stimulation is considered an adequate E. Spontaneous erections are involuntary and happen outside of sexual intercourse (in one's sleep or at the moment of awakening); sometimes they are not accompanied by a sexual arouse. The presence of spontaneous erections normally excludes serious male potency disturbances. Erection disturbances may have their origin in severe diseases of the urogenital system (including sexually transmitted infectious diseases), hormonal disturbances, psychic traumas etc. Long-termed erection disturbance may cause impotency.
Erogenous zones - are especially sensitive body sectors. A touch in Erogenous zones arouses sexual stimulation
Eunuchoidism - is an endocrine disease, characterized by genital glands malfunctioning, underdevelopment of genitals, skeleton disproportion and obesity. The malady is caused by a decrease in sex hormones secretion. The clinical picture depends on the age at which the disease onset took place. In most cases libido fails, or it is obliterated. Eunuchoidism is not accompanied, as a rule, by psychic disorders, except for timidity, shyness, in some cases instability of moods.
Eupareunia - is an orgasm reached by both partners simultaneously. Even scientific literature considers such an orgasm an indispensable condition of a couple's sexual harmony. However, in spite of the fact that a simultaneous orgasm is appealing and longed for, it can hardly be achieved.
F
Failure premonition syndrome - belongs to the worried-phobic forms of syndromes. Various fears of unsuccessful coitus can be divided into three basic types:
- 1. A fear of oneself,
- A fear of the partner (more often - a dread of his/her disapproval),
- A fear of the coitus proper.
This "vicious circle", being unbroken, can produce a development of a stable sexual dysfunction.
Frigidity - is an extreme form of female anorgasmia, an absence of sex attraction and orgasms.
G
Gamophobia - a kind of phobia - a fear of marital life, produced by problems of psychological and psychosexual nature.
Gynatresia - an imperforation, or atresia, of vagina, congenital or acquired as a result of an inflammation, injury, use of cauterants and radioactive preparations.
Gynecophobia - an obsessive fear of women, caused by psychic disturbances and psychological traumas.
H
Homosexuality - is a sexual attraction towards persons of one's own sex. A behavioral psychology based theory explains the phenomenon of H. in connection with the general disposition of an individual and also as a result of punishments imposed on a child for sexual manifestations. Homosexuals tend to suffer from inner conflicts, a third of them think of a cessation of their sexual activity. Most homosexuals face outbursts of homophobia - an enmity and fear some people feel towards them.
Hypersexuality (female nymphomania/sexomania or male satyriasis) is a pathologic increase of sexual attraction and enhancement of orgiastic aptitude (prolonged tidal exhausting orgasms). Among the various causes of Hypersexuality is an endocrine (hormonal) glands malfunction, as a result of an injury, an old neuroinfection, and a brain or adrenaline gland tumor.
Hypersublimation - a persistent suppression of sexual manifestations and interests in favor of sports, creative work, business or other activities and motivations.
Hysterical psychopathy - is one of the most pronounced displays of hysteria in sexopathology. Psychopaths are pivoted by egocentrism and insatiable thirst for attention; they are remarkable for their suggestibility, mendacity and heightened emotionality. The latter, however, turns in reality to inaptitude to deep and sincere feelings, pretentiousness and showing off. The same is typical for their sexual manifestations too. Their libido has neither strength, nor stability, while their sexual practices are full of theatricality.
I
Impotence - is inaptitude of having or retaining erection, enough for having coitus. Most sexologists see in Impotence a complex syndrome of various diseases of nervous system, as well as psychic, somatic, endocrine and urological diseases.
K
Kechrer syndrome - is a gradual onset of various psychosomatic disorders with a sexually dissatisfied woman - constant agitation, petulance, profuse leucorrhoea, pains in the inferior abdomen, dry vagina, varicose pelvic veins, even stool and menstrual cycle disturbances.
L
Libido - is a sexual appetite. The excitability level and the strength of libido of an adult are extensively determined by sex hormones. A diminution of libido or its absence influences the sexual relations of a couple and sometimes causes a divorce. The main causes of such a diminution are of an organic (internal diseases) or a psychogenic nature.
M
Madonna complex - is an admiration of a concrete woman, on the verge of worshiping her.
Messalinism - is a form of female sexual practices, characterized by frequent changes of sexual partners. Several forms of messalinism are known: frigid messalinism - frequent changes of sexual partners in the hope of having an orgasm, nymphomanic messalinism - a necessity of new, multiplying orgasms, and also sportive messalinism and mercantile messalinism.
Misogyny - is a negative, running to abhorrence attitude toward women on the whole. Misogynist will never love a woman, or have a family, or be a father. There are two causes of M. One is a wrong sex education in the family, when parents, in order to save their boy from the possible troubles women can make to him in the future, inculcate in him negative attitudes towards the female sex. The other is homosexuality, sometimes latent.
N
Narcissism- is a self-oriented sexual attraction, an inclination to admire one's own body, accompanied by a sexual arouse. Nymphomania - is a pathologic strengthening of sexual appetite of a female (see Hypersexuality).
O
Orgasm - is the top of the voluptuous feeling, appearing at the completion moment of the coitus (or of its surrogate forms). Orgasm has a great biological meaning, being a sort of Nature's reward for performing an action that leads to reproduction of species, and thus stimulating its repetition.
P
Painful copulation (dispareunia) - may be observed both with males and females. Pains might be felt in the beginning of copulation, in the middle of it, at the moment of an orgasm, or after the copulation is finished. The pain may be felt as burning, occasional twinges or spasms; it may be located in vagina, penis, in pelvic or abdominal region. The causes of painful copulation can be divided into psychogenic, organic (urogenital system diseases) and infection-inflammatory ones. Dispareunias hinder in full-scale sexual life, being a cause of congestive processes in pelvis minor and a source of psychological problems.
Panphobias - are combinations of various phobias (dreads), totally paralyzing any sexual activity.
Pretended sexual disorders - are complaints of sexual functional disorders in the absence of abnormalities in the sexual intercourse. The commonest predisposing factors of p. s. d. are hypochondriac by nature. The immediate stimulation, forming the p. s. d. syndrome, might be a coitus failure, experienced because of adverse conditions, postabstinent shortening of coiti, a change of partner or certain female sexual disorders.
S
Sex abstinences cases of sexual continence, enforced or voluntary reduction of sexual activity to the level lower than individual needs. Healthy married young or middle-aged males endure periods of enforced sexual continence with a comparative ease, though premature ejaculation cases and certain difficulties in the process of sexual reactivation are likely to take place, as a result of disturbances in the habitual rhythm of their sexual activity, so their sexual life is restored slowly and gradually.
Sexual aversion is a severest sexual dysfunction, a state, antipodal to the state of libido (sexual appetite). Sexual aversion reveals itself in suppression of any sexual manifestations, and therefore gives rise to disturbances in the functioning of a couple and results in initiation of sexual dysfunctions.
Sexual frustrations - are erections, accompanied by erotic arouse, and not followed by ejaculation and orgasm. S. f. are evoked by direct petting mostly. Males having sexual frustrations suffer from a feeling of heaviness and unpleasant sensations in the inferior abdomen. Frequent and prolonged frustrations may evoke neurotization and sexual dysfunctions. Female sexual frustrations are a cause of painful agitation, unpleasant sensations in the inferior abdomen, headaches, insomnias, or affective states. Frequent frustrations produce neurotic states and anorgasmia, while the congestions in pelvic minor produce various nonspecific ovarites (inflammatory processes in ovaries).
Sexual perversions - are abnormal, pathologic changes of sexual attraction or its gratification. Sexual perversions are considered actual, when a realized perverted sexual attraction totally or partially substitutes for sexual life.
Sexual phobias - are groundless fixed anxiety states, accompanied by high psychoemotional tension. S. p. provoke a rejection, on various pretexts, of sexual intercourse, due to the development of defense reactions against the predicaments in sexual life. Rejections of this sort may cause, in some cases, a full cessation of sexual life.
Sexual potency - is an ability of an organism to react sexually. The term "s. p." is used in sexology in respect of male potency only. Sexual potency is understood as a male's capacities (erection degree and speed, sexual excesses, coitus duration etc.). Sexual potency disorders manifest themselves in incapacity of having a sexual arousal, evoking a subsequent reaction of penis and performing a coitus.
V
Vaginism - an involuntary spasmodic traction of vaginal muscles and pelvic floor muscles, evoked by a fear of coitus or gynecological checkup. Vaginism makes it impossible to have a complete, full-scale coitus. Vaginism falls into two forms: a phobic one (a dread of coitus) and a hysteric one (a conscious or unconscious reluctance of having a sexual intercourse with a concrete male). Vaginism effects may last out for years. Long-term vaginism frequently causes a failure premonition neurosis with the husband, together with congestive symptoms in the prostate gland, and thus weakens the husband's potency.
Victorianism - limitations, imposed by sexual ethics, religious morality and education patterns. The "Victorian" wife remains absolutely motionless and cool having coitus with the husband. Victorianism stems the tide of full-value sexual relations in the family and threatens the very existence of the matrimony
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